Oct 14, · Sample theoretical framework of a dissertation. Published on October 14, by Sarah Vinz. Revised on August 14, The theoretical framework defines the key concepts in your research, proposes relations between them, and discusses relevant theories based on a literature review.. A strong theoretical framework gives your research direction, allowing you to convincingly My e-book, The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: a step by step approach contains a detailed, yet simple explanation of quantitative data analysis methods. The e-book explains all stages of the research process starting from the selection of the Types of quantitative research question. Dissertations that are based on a quantitative research design attempt to answer at least one quantitative research blogger.com some cases, these quantitative research questions will be followed by either research hypotheses or null blogger.comr, this article focuses solely on quantitative research questions
Sample Theoretical Framework of a Dissertation or Thesis
Dissertations that are based on a dissertation quantitative research design attempt to answer at least one quantitative research question. In some cases, these quantitative research questions will be followed by either research hypotheses or null hypotheses.
However, this article focuses solely on quantitative research questions. Furthermore, since there is more than one type of quantitative research question that dissertation quantitative can attempt to answer in a dissertation i, dissertation quantitative.
If you do not know much about quantitative research and quantitative research questions at this stage, we would recommend that you first read the article, Quantitative research questions: What do I have to think aboutas well as an overview article on types of variablesdissertation quantitative, which will help to familiarise you with terms such as dependent dissertation quantitative independent variableas well as categorical and continuous variables [see the article: Types of variables ], dissertation quantitative.
The purpose of this article is to introduce you to the three different types of quantitative research question i. Each of these types of quantitative research question is discussed in turn:. Descriptive research questions simply aim to describe the variables you are measuring. When we use the word describewe mean that these research questions aim to quantify the variables you are interested in.
Think of research questions that start with words such as "How much? Often, descriptive research questions focus on only one variable and one group, but they can include multiple variables and groups. We dissertation quantitative some examples below:. In each of these dissertation quantitative descriptive research questions, we are quantifying the variables we are interested in.
However, dissertation quantitative, the units that we used to quantify these variables will differ depending on what is being measured. For example, dissertation quantitative, in the questions above, we are interested in frequencies also known as countssuch as the number of calories, photos uploaded, dissertation quantitative, or comments on other users? In the case of the final question, What are the most important factors that influence the career choices of Australian university students?
We may then choose to examine this data by presenting the frequenciesas well as using a measure of central tendency and a measure of spread [see the section on Data Analysis to learn more about these and other statistical tests]. However, dissertation quantitative, it is also common when using descriptive research questions to measure percentages and proportionsso we have included some example descriptive research questions below that illustrate this.
In terms of the first descriptive research question about daily calorific intakewe are not necessarily interested in frequenciesor using a dissertation quantitative of central tendency or measure of spreadbut instead want understand what percentage of American dissertation quantitative and women exceed their daily dissertation quantitative allowance.
In this respect, this descriptive research question differs from the earlier question that asked: How many calories do American men and women consume per day? Whilst this question simply wants to measure the total number of calories i.
If you are performing a piece of descriptivequantitative research for your dissertation, you are likely to need to set quite a number of descriptive research questions, dissertation quantitative. Comparative research questions aim to examine the differences between two or more groups on one or more dependent variables although often just a single dependent variable.
Such questions typically start by asking "What is the difference in? Examples of comparative research questions include:. Groups reflect different categories of the independent variable you are dissertation quantitative e. Overall, whilst the dependent variable s highlight what you are interested in studying e. We have to be careful when using the word relationship because in statistics, it refers to a particular type of research design, namely experimental research designs where it is possible to measure the cause and effect between two or more variables; that is, it is possible to say that variable A e.
However, at the undergraduate and even master's level, dissertations rarely involve experimental research designsbut rather quasi-experimental and relationship-based research designs [see the section on Quantitative research designs ]. This means that you cannot often find causal relationships between variables, but only associations or trends. However, when we write a relationship-based research questiondissertation quantitative, we do not have to make this distinction between causal relationships, associations, trends and interactions i.
Instead, we typically start a relationship-based quantitative research question, "What is the relationship? Examples of relationship-based research questions are:. As the examples above highlight, relationship-based research questions are appropriate to set when we are dissertation quantitative in the relationship, association, trend, or interaction between one or more dependent e, dissertation quantitative.
The quantitative research design that we select subsequently determines whether we look for relationshipsassociationstrends or interactions. To learn how to structure i. Types of quantitative research question Dissertations that are based on a quantitative research design attempt to dissertation quantitative at least one quantitative research question.
Descriptive research questions Comparative research questions Relationship-based research questions. Descriptive research questions Descriptive research questions simply aim to describe the variables you are measuring. We provide some examples below: Question: How many calories do Americans consume per day?
Variable: Daily dissertation quantitative intake Group: Americans Question: How many calories do American men and women consume per day? Variable: Daily calorific intake Group: 1. American men 2. American women Question: How often do British university students use Facebook each week? Variable: Weekly Facebook usage Group: British university students Question: How often do male and female British university students upload photos and comment on other users' photos on Facebook each week?
Variable: 1, dissertation quantitative. Weekly photo uploads on Facebook 2. Weekly comments on other users? photos on Facebook Group: 1.
Male, British university students 2. Female, dissertation quantitative, British university students Question: What are the most important factors that influence the career choices of Australian university students? Variable: Factors influencing career choices Group: Australian university students In each of these example descriptive research questions, we are quantifying the variables we are dissertation quantitative in.
Question: What percentage of American men and women exceed their daily calorific allowance? American women Question: What proportion of British male and female university students use the dissertation quantitative 5 social networks? Variable: Use of top 5 social networks i, dissertation quantitative. Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Classmates Group: 1. Female, British university students Dissertation quantitative terms of the first descriptive dissertation quantitative question about daily calorific intakewe are not necessarily interested in frequenciesor using a measure of central tendency or measure of spreadbut instead want understand what percentage of American men and women exceed their daily calorific allowance, dissertation quantitative.
Comparative research questions Comparative research questions aim to examine the differences between two or more groups on one or more dependent variables although often just a single dependent variable.
Examples of comparative research questions include: Question: What is the difference in dissertation quantitative daily calorific intake of American men and women? Dependent variable: Daily calorific intake Groups: 1. American women Question: What is the difference in the weekly photo uploads on Facebook between British male and female university students? Dependent variable: Weekly photo uploads on Facebook Groups: 1, dissertation quantitative. Female, British university students Question: What are the differences in dissertation quantitative behaviour on Facebook between British male and female university students?
Dependent variable: Usage behaviour on Facebook e. logins, weekly photo uploads, status changes, commenting on other users' photos, app usage, etc. Group: 1. Female, British university students Question: What are the differences in perceptions dissertation quantitative Internet banking security between adolescents and pensioners? Dependent variable: Perceptions towards Internet banking security Groups: 1. Adolescents 2.
Pensioners Question: What are the differences in attitudes towards dissertation quantitative piracy when pirated music is freely distributed or purchased? Dependent variable: Attitudes towards music piracy Groups: 1, dissertation quantitative.
Freely distributed pirated music 2. Purchased pirated music Groups reflect different categories of the independent variable you are measuring e. Examples of relationship-based research questions are: Dissertation quantitative What is the relationship between gender and attitudes towards music piracy amongst adolescents? Dependent variable: Attitudes towards music piracy Independent variable: Gender Group: Adolescents Question: What is the relationship between study time and exam scores amongst university students?
Dependent variable: Exam scores Dissertation quantitative variable: Study time Dissertation quantitative University students Question: What is the relationship amongst career prospects, salary and benefits, and physical working conditions on job satisfaction between managers and non-managers? Dependent variable: Job dissertation quantitative Independent variable: 1. Career prospects 2.
Salary and benefits 3. Physical working conditions Group: 1. Managers 2. Non-managers As the examples above highlight, relationship-based research questions are appropriate to set when we are interested in the relationship, association, trend, or interaction between one or more dependent e.
How many calories do American men and women consume per day? How often do British university students use Facebook each week? How often do male and female British university students upload photos and comment on other users' photos on Facebook each week?
photos on Facebook, dissertation quantitative. What are the most important factors that influence the career choices of Australian university students? What percentage of American men and women exceed their daily calorific allowance? What proportion of British male and female university students use the top 5 social networks?
Use of top 5 social networks i. Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Classmates. What dissertation quantitative the difference in the daily calorific intake of American men and women?
What is the difference in the weekly photo uploads on Facebook between British male and female university students? What are the differences in usage behaviour on Facebook between British male and female university students?
Usage behaviour on Facebook e. What are the differences in perceptions towards Internet banking security between adolescents and pensioners? What are the differences in attitudes towards music piracy when pirated music is freely distributed or purchased? What is the relationship between gender and attitudes towards music piracy amongst adolescents? What is the relationship between study time and exam scores amongst university students?
Qualitative and Quantitative Research
, time: 4:30Quantitative Data Analysis - Research-Methodology
Apr 15, · Choosing a dissertation topic Start with a broad area of interest, and then narrow down your ideas. Make sure to consider the relevance and plausibility of your topic. How to define your research problem A research problem is the specific issue, contradiction, or gap you will address. It gives your research a clear purpose and justification My e-book, The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: a step by step approach contains a detailed, yet simple explanation of quantitative data analysis methods. The e-book explains all stages of the research process starting from the selection of the Interval data is like ordinal except we can say the intervals between each value are equally split. The most common example is temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. The difference between 29 and 30 degrees is the same magnitude as the difference between 78 and 79 (although I know I prefer the latter)
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